In China's industrial production, a large numbe¥r of acidic or alkaline waste liquids are usually produced, which c ontain different concentrations of metal ions and acid-base. The direct discharge not onlyπ wastes resources, but also causes serious polluti¥on to the environment. In order to protect the environment from pollution and to reco≠ver useful material, it is necessary to purify theλ acid and alkali waste liquid before it is discharged. Most of the∑ treatment of this kind of waste water is neutralized at home and abroad, and this treatment is easy to cause secondary pol♥lution. The new membrane technology, such as permeation, r$everse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration and dialysis, can effectively avoid secondary pollution.
As a new separation technology, membrane technology can effectively purify the wasβte water, and recycle the useful material, and has the characteristics of energy sav€ing, low consumption, no pollution, simple equipment, convenient operation, so it shows broad >prospects in terms of pH of the waste water treatment.
1. Acid environment
Acid solutions (part) that have been tested:
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20% H2SO4
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20% HCl
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30% H3PO4
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4% HNO3
Typical applications in acid environment:
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Purify acid and remove metal cations
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Recovery of acid after leaching operation
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Mineral acid decolorization
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Recovery of dissolved chemicals
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Concentration and recovery of ions in an acid₹ solution
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Some conventional applications that need to be used for corrosive strong acid cleaning
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Chemical industry: the recovery of acid and the final product in the process o<f producing acid medium
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Food, beverage and dairy industry: purify the acid after the use o™f the CIP process and reuse in the process of production and the cleanin™g of equipment.
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Recovery of metals from the extractive solution, such as copper, zinc, cobalt, molybdenum, tungsten, uranium, gold, etc..
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Reducing the cost of operation and sewage treatment
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Recovery of high value metals from emission and industria l waste water
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Pre separation of copper and gold in the process of carbon slur&ry to improve the extraction rate of subsequent gold.
2. Alkaline environment
The tested alkaline solutions include:
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4% NaOH
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10% NaOH
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20% NaOH
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20% KOH
Typical applications in alkaline environment
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Recovery of alkaline current (sodium hydrox∏ide, potassium hydroxide)
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Recovery of metal in alkaline flow
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Recovery of used electrolyte
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Reducing COD content before neutralizing industrαial waste water
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Recovery of alkaline solution for cleaning containers and equipment
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Some conventional applications that need caus¶tic alkali cleaning
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Pulp and artificial fiber: purification of caustic soda from hemicellulose an∏d other organic pollutants to make sodium hydroxide reusable up to 95%
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Food, beverage and dairy products: Purification of waste lye w↕ashing flow (CIP) solution and regenerated solution (in Decolorization of sugar) after ion e"xchange, to make the repeated use rate of sodium hydrate up to 95%;
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Chemical: alkali recovery and final product concentration used in' many alkaline environmental production operations.
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