The semi-permeable membrane electrodialysis using is actually an ion exchange membrane ≥which can be divided into cation exchange membrane (cationic membrane) and anion •exchange membrane (negative membrane) according to the charge properties of ions. In aqueous elect∏rolyte solutions, cation passes through the cationic memb¥rane while the anion is blocked because of the selecti♥ve permeability of the ion exchange membrane, and vice versa for anionic membrane. During electrod<ialysis process, the ion exchange membrane will not exchange resin and aqueous solu'tion of some kind of ion exchange, but only select different electrical ions ✔in the ion exchange membrane which doesn’t need to be regenerated. ∏The electrode and membrane composed of the polar chamber, where the electroc€hemical reaction occurs.
Electrodialysis is a relatively mature technology in the proc✔ess of membrane separation, and has been widely used in brackish water desali±nation to produce freshwater in some areas of the world. Th↔e newly developed charge film has higher selectivity, lower membrane resistance, be•tter thermal stability phase chemical stability and higher mech anical strength, it is not only applied in desalination, food, medi<cine and chemical industry, but also many other indu↓strial applications, such as industrial wastewater treatment ( recover acid and metal from wasγte waters of acid washing solutions, recover heavy metal ions from electroplating waste, recover sulphate from synthetic fiber wastewater, rec₩over sulfite from pulp waste). Furthermore, it is also used in milk d↕esalination, separation of ionic and non-ionic substances, even used as can >be used as artificial kidney in clinical treatment.
Automatic control of frequent inverted electrodialysis (EDR) iεs easy and convenient to be operated. Raw water utilization rate is up to 80'% while the general recovery rate ranges from 45 to 70%. Ele✘ctrodialysis is mainly used for the primary desalination of water with a desalination rate betwee±n 45 and 90%. It is widely used in seawater and brackish water deεsalination, pure water preparation and water desalination softening of boiler and≥ power equipment.
Actually, electrodialysis is a desalination technology, because a variety of differe★nt water (including natural water, tap water, industrial wastewater) has a certain aλmount of salt whose anions and cations will move to the opposite direction in the r↑ole of direct current. Ion exchange membrane has a ★selective permeability and only allows relative ions or cation to pass freely. So, in the space of βtwo membranes, the concentration of the salt will decrease due to the directional migration of the ions and finally reach the aim of desalination in the↓ middle desalination chamber.
In practical applications, an electrodialysis instrument is not on≤ly composed of one pair of anion and cation exchange membranes (because ♠of the low efficiency), but a hundred pairs, or even hundreds of pairs ★of exchange membranes to enhance efficiency.
Applications:
RO concentrated water recovery desalination
Primary softening desalination of boiler feed water
Recovery of acid and metal from waste liquid of Acid c→leaning metal surface;
Recovery of heavy metal ions from Electroplating wastewa®ter;
Recovery of sulphate from Synthetic fiber wastewater to;
Recovery of sulfite from pulp waste
Milk desalination for infant formula;
Separation of ionic and nonionic substances;
Concentration of salt from seawater
Refined dairy products
Salt removal and primary material purification
Amino acid desalination
Soybean oligosaccharides desalination
Electroplating wastewater recycling
Preparation of organic acids
Alkali preparation
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