In the early 1980s, American scientists invented a thin layer composite membrane that allowed✘ 90% NaCl dialysis and 99% sucrose to be trapped. Obviously, this film canno¶t be called reverse osmosis membrane (because it cannot hold inorganic salt), nor does it b♠elong to the category of ultrafiltration membrane (because it cannot dia↕lyze low molecular weight organic matters). Since 95% of molecules Intercepted is a§bout 1 nanometer, so this membrane is called "Nano-filtration&φquot;. Nano-filtration membrane can intercept substa←nces of molecular weight from 200 to 1000, and it ∑is suitable for desalination, monosaccharide release and concentαration as well depending on the fact that it can dialyze≠ 90% of NaCl, concentration and other processes.
 
Most of the Nano-filtration membranes are a loose multi-lay←er structure. Compared with reverse osmosis, they have a higher permeability flux£ even in high salinity and low pressure conditions because the inorganic salt can be dial>yzed and then make Nano-filtration pressure much lower than re∞verse osmosis. In this way, Nano-filtration process neeγds less pressure than reverse osmosis under the same membrane "flux. And at the same pressure, the Nano-filtration membrane flux is much larger than the reαverse osmosis. In addition, Nano-filtration can process concentration and desalination in par♠allel. Nano-filtration is much more effective than reverse osmosis. With the ‍above characteristics, Nano-filtration membrane are widely used to concentrate' antibiotics and synthetic drugs at normal temperature with low cost but high yiel≤d.
 
Features of Nano-filtration membrane equipment:

 High filling density and low unit area cost;

 Multilayer loose structures;

 High permeability even at high salinity and low pressure conditions.
 
Applications:

 Pharmaceutical (desalination of antibiotic resin solution, concentra•tion of vitamins)

 Dye (desalting concentration which will substitute salting↕ out and acid precipitation)

 Amino acid (decolorization, concentration and desalination)

 Food (oligosaccharides, separation and purification of starch and s§ugar, fruit juice concentration and plant extracts)

 Mother liquor recovery (MSG mother liquor impurity, glucose cryst™allization mother liquor impurity, etc.)

 Water treatment (printing and dyeing wastewater treatment, water reuse, ul∏tra-pure water preparation)

 Acid, alkali recovery (washing acid of pharmaceutical industry, alkali waste, che$mical industry acid waste, alkali)




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